Flood insurance is a type of insurance coverage that provides financial protection against property damage caused by flooding. This type of insurance is typically offered by private insurance companies but can also be provided through government-sponsored programs like the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) in the United States. Flood insurance policies typically cover damage to buildings and personal property caused by flooding, including damage from heavy rainfall, storm surges, and overflowing bodies of water like rivers and lakes. This insurance can be essential for homeowners and businesses located in flood-prone areas, as standard homeowner's or property insurance policies often do not cover flood damage. Research in the area of flood insurance may focus on developing new insurance products, assessing the financial risks associated with flooding, improving flood risk modeling techniques, evaluating the effectiveness of flood insurance programs, and exploring ways to encourage greater participation in flood insurance programs among at-risk populations. Studies in this area may also examine the impact of climate change on flood risk and insurance coverage.